Embark on an extraordinary journey through time with our exclusive private Ephesus excursions, crafted exclusively for Silversea Cruises passengers.. As our expert Ephesus Tour guide lead you through the mesmerizing remains of this ancient city, unveiling its storied past at every turn. Immerse yourself in the allure of Roman civilization as you wander through the grandiose architecture of the Library of Celsus, walk in the footsteps of gladiators at the Great Theater, and marvel at the exquisite craftsmanship of the Terrace Houses. With our private excursions, your every desire is catered to, as we tailor the experience to your personal preferences and interests. Indulge in the utmost comfort and exclusivity as you explore one of the world's most iconic archaeological sites, ensuring an unforgettable and unparalleled journey through history.

Silver Whisper, Silver Moon, Silver Spirit of Silversea Cruises will start calling to the Ephesus Kusadasi Cruise Port in 2023 during 15 Night Athens (Piraeus) To Athens (Piraeus) Cruise.. The cruise will start from Piraeus (Athens) and will end at Piraeus (Athens). Silver Whisper, Silver Moon, Silver Spirit will be Silversea cruise ships which will call to the Kusadasi Port. 

We provide exclusive Ephesus private tours for Silversea Passengers from Port of Kusadasi. Ephesus Travel Guide gives you access to Ephesus shore excursions that are higher quality than Silversea cruise line offerings and at substantially lower prices. Enjoy a more intimate Ephesus cruise tour experience away from the crowds. For more information please visit Kusadasi Port Ephesus Tours and  contact us.

 Aphrodisias is one of Turkey's best-preserved ancient city. It was  was one of the sculpture centers of the Ancient Roman world, also known as the city of Aphrodite, the Goddess of love and beauty. Aphrodisias is one of Turkey's most important destinations.

​* There is no prepayment required for the reservation. To avoid disappointment, we recommend to make your private tour reservation at earliest possible.

Payment Terms:
Payment can be made in Euros, Turkish Liras, British Pounds and US Dollars cash at the end of the tour. There is no prepayment required for the booking.

Cancellation Policy
You can cancel a tour 72 hours in advance of your tour departure without any charges. If you would like to cancel a tour, simply send us an email and we will  be happy to assist you. Once you are within the 24 hour tour departure window,  the tour becomes non-refundable. This is because our guide and vehicle have set  aside space to accommodate your request and will often not be able to  fill that  space with another customer so close to departure.

​For more information, contact us.

We have just completed 2 Days Custom Tour of Western Turkey for Oeler Family from Dubai. They had wonderful time with our tour guide.

We offer private tours of Western Turkey. These tours can start from Izmir airport, Izmir hotels, Kusadasi hotels, Pamukkale hotels or any other desired location nearby. 

Suggested tour program is as follows:
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Day 1 - Fullday Tour of Ephesus
Meet with your guide in front of  your hotel in Kusadasi. Drive  to the country. Your first stop on this fascinating tour is at the HOUSE OF VIRGIN MARY. Then, you will continue on to visit ancient EPHESUS, one of the most magnificent and best-preserved ancient sites in the world. See the Odeion, the Market Basilica, Curetes Street, Bath,Celsus Library, Marble Street and the Great Theater with a seating capacity of 25,000 people. Afterwards visit the  BASILICA OF ST. JOHN and see the TEMPLE OF ARTEMIS, one of the wonders of the  ancient world. En-route to Kusadasi enjoy the scenery or shopping opportunity. Overnight in Kusadasi.

Day 2 - Fullday Tour of Pamukkale and Aphrodisias
After departing from Kusadasi, drive east approx. 3 hours. Visit Aphrodisias, see the finest works of marble from Roman Period and the 30.000 spectator capacity gigantic roman stadium. Continue to Hierapolis (Pamukkale) Enter the site from North Gate and walk through the Ancient Necropolis (Cemetery). So far Italian archaeologists excavated over 1200 tombs in the area. The total number is expected to exceed 3000.  No where in the world you can see such a gigantic ancient cemetery. Afterwards see the Roman Bath,  walk through Domitian Gate, Frantinus Avenue to see the other remains. View the huge Roman theater having a capacity of 10000.  Walk on the calcium deposit terraces of Pamukkale. Enjoy the stunning views. The water temperature is 32 degrees.  At the end of the tour we can drop you at a hotel in Pamukkale or drive you back to Kusadasi.


Cost: 585 Euro (Total to be paid for your party of 1-6 people)


Rates Cover:

• Services of an excellent English speaking tour Guide 
• A/C Mercedes MPV
• All transportation costs.
• Tax, service charges.
• Pick up and drop off from/to Hotel in Kusadasi or Selcuk
• Lunches
• Parking fees

Rates Do Not Cover:

• Entrance fees to the sites.
• Drinks during lunches.

There is no prepayment required for the reservation. To avoid disappointment, we recommend to make your private tour reservation at earliest possible.

Payment Terms:
Payment can be made in Euro or US Dollar cash at the end of the tour. There is no prepayment required.

We recommend you to overnight in Kusadasi.
Recommended hotels to stay in Kusadasi:

• Ilayda Avantgarde Hotel - 4 Stars
• LaVista Boutique Hotel
• Charisma Deluxe Hotel - 5 Stars
• Double Tree by Hilton Hotel - 4 Stars
• Korumar Deluxe Hotel - 5 Stars

• Hotel Ilayda - 3 Stars

We offer custom private tours of Western Turkey such as above.
For more information, please contact us.

We offer private Ephesus Tours starting and ending at the Port of Izmir for cruise ship passengers. There are many cruise ships calling to the Port of Izmir such as Costa Diadema of Costa Cruises, Nautica of Oceania Cruises, Carnival Pride of Carnival Cruises and Sebourn Encore of Seabourn.

The main highlight of the area is the ancient city of Ephesus and for the Roman Catholics: House of Virgin Mary. All of our private tours are conducted with licensed local tour guides and luxury vehicles driven by professional drivers.

After meeting our guests at the Port of Izmir, we drive 1 hour south to Selcuk town which is the modern name for Ephesus. On the way to Ephesus your tour guide gives you a brief info about the area and about Turkey. As you arrive in the ancient city of Ephesus, an important center for early Christianity. In the Book of Revelation, Ephesus was one of the seven churches addressed by Christ in a vision.

You will first see the remains of Magnesia Gate, once a marvelous example of ancient architecture that stood tall as an entrance to the city of Ephesus. Walk downhill with your tour guide through the ruins of Ephesus. Visit Odeon, Celsus Library, Temple of Hadrian, Fountain of Trajan and Grand Theater. The Grand theater of Ephesus, one of the city’s best-preserved structures, Once had seating capacity of 24,000 people, and according to some historians the site where Saint Paul preached, your tour guide will take you the best spots to take pictures of these fantastic ruins.

For more information. contact us.

We offer Private Ephesus excursions for Celestyal Cruises passengers during Celestyal Cruises Kusadasi calls at lower prices than Celestyal Cruises Shore Excursions. Our Ephesus Tours from Kusadası Port offer travelers a more memorable and personal experience than Celestyal Cruise Excursions.

Are you ready for an exciting adventure? If you're a Celestyal Cruises passenger, then brace yourself for the unforgettable Ephesus tour! Get ready to step back in time and explore the wonders of this ancient city in Turkey. As you disembark from your cruise ship, you'll be transported to a world of rich history and stunning archaeological treasures. Wander through the ruins of the Library of Celsus, marvel at the grandeur of the Great Theater, and let your imagination run wild as you walk along the once bustling marble streets. This tour is not for the faint of heart, as you'll be venturing deep into the heart of this ancient city, uncovering its secrets as you go. Soak in the sense of discovery as you explore hidden temples, Roman baths, and ancient houses. Don't forget to snap some Instagram-worthy pictures to capture this thrilling experience! Whether you're a history buff or simply up for an adventure, the Ephesus tour for Celestyal Cruises passengers promises to leave you with memories that will last a lifetime. So, grab your camera, put on some comfortable shoes, and get ready to embark on an epic journey through time.

We organize private tours of Ephesus and Pamukkale and private transfers to Izmir Airport for Celestyal Cruises Passengers who will be cruising, embarking and disembarking to/from the Celestyal Olympia, Celestyal Journey and Celestyal Crystal at Kusadasi Cruise Port.

Cost of Private Ephesus Tour from Kusadasi Port: 180 Euro (Total to be paid for 1-6 people)
* On certain dates, we offer %20 discount. Dates for Discounted Private Ephesus Tours 
​
Rates Cover:
- Services of an excellent English speaking tour Guide
-  A/C vehicle.
- All transportation costs.
- Tax, service charges
- Parking fees to the sites.

Rates Do Not Cover:
- Entrance fees to the sites.

* Above rate is NOT a per person rate. It is total to be paid for your group.
​* In addition to private tours with English speaking tour guides, we also provide private tours with Spanish, German, Portuguese, Russian, Bulgarian, French and ​Italian speaking licensed tour guides. There is a surcharge for non-English speaking tours. For costs please contact us.

There is no prepayment required for the reservation. 
Payment can be made in Euro, Turkish Liras or US Dollar cash at the end of the tour. There is no prepayment required for the booking

Cancellation Policy
You can cancel a tour 72 hours in advance of your tour departure without any charges. If you would like to cancel a tour, simply send us an email and we will  be happy to assist you. Once you are within the 24 hour tour departure window,  the tour becomes non-refundable. This is because our guide and vehicle have set  aside space to accommodate your request and will often not be able to  fill that  space with another customer so close to departure. For cruise passengers, there is no cancellation fee if your ship does not call to the port in any reason.

* We offer %20 discount on certain dates. Book early and save more. To see the discounted dates for private Ephesus tours please visit: Ephesus Discounted Tours
​
If you have questions or need more information please visit Kusadasi Port Ephesus Tours and do not hesitate to contact us.

There are daily ferries from Samos to Kusadasi. It takes approximately 1 hour 15 minutes to reach from Pythagorio, Samos to Kusadasi. The highlight of the Aegean region is the Ancient City of Ephesus which is 25 minutes drive from Kusadasi. For travellers who are staying in Samos Hotels, we recommend to visit Ancient City of Ephesus. We offer private tours of Ephesus from Kusadasi Port for travellers who are travelling to Kusadasi from Samos. These private tours are operated with fluent English, German, Russian Spanish and Portuguese speaking licensed tour guides.

It costs 60 Euros per person for a same day return trip from Pythagorio, Samos to Kusadasi. Ferries operate between May and October. Ferries depart from Pythagorio port at 8.00am and 8.30am and arrive Kusadasi at 9.30am and 10.00am. Return ferry is at 5.00pm which will arrive back to Pythagorio at 6.30pm. This will give you approx. 7 hours to visit Ephesus and surrounding areas.

​To book ferries from Pythagorion to Kusadasi, please visit: 
https://www.ferryhopper.com/en/ferry-routes/direct/samos-kusadasi
Select: Departure as Pythagoreio, Samos and Destination as Kusadasi

When you book your ferry ticket, please contact us for your  Ephesus Private Tour.

jSuggested private tour program is as follows:
FullDay (6 hours) Temple of Artemis + Ephesus  + House of Mary + Traditional Turkish Lunch
After meeting your guide at Kusadasi Cruise Port, drive through the fertile lands. Your first stop will be the Temple of Artemis, one of the 7 wonders of the ancient world. Afterwards proceed to the mountain where Virgin Mary is believed to spent her 9 years. The house is approximately 1000 feet above sea level and running as an active chapel. Roman Catholics believe that Virgin Mary came to Ephesus with Saint. John 5 years after the crucification. At the age of 63 she is assumed to heaven. Although there is no fact that Virgin Mary lived here approximately 1.5 million people visit the site each year. After 30 minutes visit to the House of Mary, drive to ancient city of Ephesus. You will be dropped at the upper gate of Ephesus with yourtour guide. Start exploring the city. You will be walking down the hill approximately 1.5hrs. You will see the Odeon, the basilica, domitian square, fountain of Trajan, Celcus library, Terrace Houses (optional),Marble street, the Grand Theater of Ephesus and the Harbour Street. You will be endng your tour at the bottom gate. Enjoy a traditional Turkish lunch in the grounds of a country house. Here you will see a private demonstration of the traditional carpet making process from dying to spinning to weaving at a school where young  girls are trained in the craft. Return back to Kusadasi Port.
* Please note that the House of Virgin Mary visit can be substituted with Terrace Houses or Archaeological Museum of Ephesus or the Basilica of St. John.

For more information, availability and Private Ephesus Tour costs please contact us.

We offer private tours of Ephesus and the House of Virgin Mary with licensed tour guides from Kusadasi, Selcuk, Izmir, Alacati, and Cesme. All of our tours are conducted by licensed tour guides and chauffeured luxury vehicles. In addition to private tours with English-speaking tour guides, we also provide private tours with Spanish, German, Portuguese, Russian, French, and ​Italian-speaking licensed tour guides. There is a surcharge for non-English speaking tours.

Half-day Tour: Temple of Artemis, Ephesus, House of Mary
After meeting with your official tour guide, drive through the olive groves, peach orchards, and cotton fields. Arrive in Selcuk, where the House of Virgin Mary and the Roman city of Ephesus are located. Your first stop on this fascinating tour is the House of Virgin Mary, a Christian shrine in the vicinity of Ephesus. Some Christians and Muslims believe that Mary, the mother of Jesus, was taken to this stone house by St. John following the crucifixion of Jesus. Roman Catholics believe that she lived there until her assumption into heaven. Other denominations of Christians recognize this spot as her burial place.
Now continue to the ancient city of Ephesus, one of the most magnificent and best-preserved sites of Roman history in the world. Ephesus was once the capital of Asia Minor, and it is here that St. Paul spent three years teaching Christianity. Tour the ancient town, visiting the Fountain of Trajan, Temple of Hadrian, Celsus Library, the Marble Road, and the Roman theater that is mentioned in the Acts of Apostles Chapter 19.
* For travelers who do not want to visit the House of Virgin Mary. House of Virgin Mary visit can be substituted with Basilica of St. John or Archaeological Museum of Ephesus.
​
​(At House of Virgin Mary, Holy Mass is held every day, from Monday to Saturday at 5:15 pm (November to March) and 6:15 pm (April to October). The Sunday Mass is held at 10:30 am. Our guests have the option to attend the Holy Mass.)​

​Should you need any further information, please do not hesitate to contact us.

We provide custom made private shore excursions to Ephesus, Temple of Artemis, House of Virgin Mary, Basilica of St. John, Sirince Village, Kirazli Village and Isa Bey Mosque from Kusadasi Port with licensed tour guides.

Our team of licensed tour guides offer exclusive private Ephesus shore excursions for cruise passengers travelling to Kusadasi Cruise Port. These private Ephesus shore excursions are conducted in English, German, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, French and Russian languages.

Distance from Kusadasi Port to Ephesus
The distance between Kusadasi Port to Ephesus Ancient city is 20 kilometers. It takes approximately 25 minutes by car to go to the Ancient City of Ephesus. There is no direct prublic transport to go to Ephesus from Kusadasi Port. For cruise passengers who has limited time in Kusadasi, we recommend them to take a taxi or book a Private Ephesus Shore Excursion

Ephesus Family Tours are designed to tour the very best of Ephesus with kids at your family pace. Our kid friendly Ephesus tour guides specializes in informative and exciting private guided Ephesus tours designed for curious children who like learning in an active manner making your cultural family vacation in Ephesus richer and more meaningful. An inspiring and educational Ephesus experience for parents and kids. it is all about discovering while having fun!

If you are planning a family trip to Ephesus with your children and would you like to give them the learning experience of a lifetime, Ephesus Travel Guide with the team of knowledgeable and friendly licensed professional Ephesus tour guides offers engaging and comprehensive private guided Ephesus tours,

Ephesus Family tours are adapted to the interests and abilities of children of all ages to satisfy the curiosity, energy-levels and attention spans of multiple generation families visiting Ephesus. Our child-targeted tour experiences take your kids and teens through the wonders of Ephesus.

During the special designed private family tours of Ephesus, we make a stop at a local pottery workshop where kids enjoy trying to make pottery and paint them. Relish Turkish Delight and Baklava at a local candy store. Also a stop is made at a Horse Riding Park.

Discover the Highlights of  Ephesus with our private Ephesus tours from cruise ships. Look no further. Ephesus is an ancient city that will take you to a world long gone.
​What better way to experience the magic of this ancient wonder than through a private Ephesus tour? Join us as we embark on an exploration of history, culture, and marvels of the past.

Visiting Ephesus from a cruise ship
Ephesus is one of the best-preserved ancient cities in the world and offers a unique opportunity to experience the grandeur of the Roman Empire. Exploring this archaeological treasure from the comfort of a cruise ship allows you to maximize your time in Kusadasi port while enjoying the expertise of knowledgeable Ephesus guides.

What can you expect from Ephesus tours from cruise ships?
As you step onto the shores of Ephesus, you will be transported back in time to an era where gods and emperors ruled the land. Your expert Ephesus guide will lead you through the well-preserved ruins, sharing captivating stories of ancient rituals, political intrigue, and everyday life. Marvel at the impressive Library of Celsus, walk along the ancient marble streets, and witness the grandeur of the Great Theater of Ephesus.

What are the benefits of choosing a private Ephesus tour from Kusadasi Port?
Opting for a private Ephesus tour from a cruise ship has several advantages. Firstly, it ensures that you have a hassle-free experience, with all transportation and logistics taken care of. You won't have to worry about navigating unfamiliar roads or finding parking. Additionally, joining a guided tour allows you to delve deep into the history and significance of each site you visit, enhancing your overall experience.

Expert Ephesus Tour Guide is your key to an Unforgettable Ephesus Experience
Why is it important to have an expert tour guide during your Ephesus tour?
Having an expert guide by your side is like having a key to a hidden treasure. These knowledgeable individuals are passionate about Ephesus and its historical significance. They bring the ancient city to life with their captivating stories, insights, and the ability to answer your burning questions. Their expertise and in-depth knowledge ensure that you won't miss any hidden treasures or fascinating details during your private Ephesus tour.

What makes the best Ephesus tour guides?
The best Ephesus tour guides possess a deep understanding of the region's history and culture. They have spent years studying and researching the ancient city, enabling them to provide accurate and engaging commentary. Look for guides who can share lesser-known facts and anecdotes, making your experience truly unforgettable.

What can you learn from an expert guide?
An expert guide will immerse you in the rich history of Ephesus, sharing tales of its rise and fall, the lives of its residents, and the significance of each monument. They will introduce you to the mysteries of the Temple of Artemis, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and help you appreciate the architectural brilliance of the Terrace Houses. With their guidance, you'll gain a deeper understanding of the cultural, historical, and archaeological importance of Ephesus.

A Journey through Time
Private Ephesus tours from cruise ships offer a unique opportunity to explore one of the ancient world's most breathtaking cities. Immerse yourself in the grandeur of the Roman Empire as you stroll through its well-preserved streets and marvel at its iconic landmarks. With expert guides leading the way, you'll gain a deeper understanding of the historical, cultural, and architectural significance of this ancient marvel. So, are you ready to embark on a journey through time and uncover the mysteries of Ephesus? Visit: Ephesus Tours from Kusadasi Port and contact us.

Discover the splendour of ancient history with an Ephesus tour from cruise ships. Uncover the secrets of well-preserved ruins and enjoy the expertise of expert tour guides. For more information please contact us.

​Ephesus Travel Guide offers Ephesus Tour from Ozdere Hotels. 

Ozdere is located at the picturesque western part of Turkey, Ozdere is a quaint resort town that captivates visitors with its tranquil charm and scenic beaches. Situated approximately 30 kilometers away from the ancient city of Ephesus. It takes approxmatley 3O minutes by car to reach Ephesus from Ozdere. Ozdere's convenient proximity to Ephesus makes it an ideal destination for travelers looking to enjoy themselves in beautiful Aegean Region of Turkey and the rich cultural heritage of Roman Empire.

If you are seeking an exceptional Ephesus tour from Ozdere, a private tour may be the perfect choice for you. Our tours are fully customizable to meet your preferences, offering you the opportunity to explore Ephesus. With knowledgeable tour guides and luxurious vehicles at your disposal, you can discover every corner of this historical site.

Ephesus Travel Guide team of Tour Guides take pride in sharing insights on Turkish culture, history, and archaeology, ensuring that your private tour is not only informative but also truly memorable and enjoyable. Our goal is to plan Ephesus tours that provide you with a comfortable and personalized adventure in Ephesus.
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For more details, do not hesitate to reach out to us today for a tailored experience.

In 2024, Disney Dream of Disney Cruise Line has planned two port of calls to Kusadasi Port, and we're delighted to offer private shore excursions for Disney Cruise Passengers at prices lower than Disney Cruise Port Adventures

Disney Dream, one of Disney Cruise Line's flagship ships, will call at the port of Kusadasi as part of its captivating Mediterranean cruise itinerary with the Greek Islands. This long-awaited trip promises an unforgettable experience, combining the enchanting charm of Greece with other fascinating Mediterranean destinations. When the ship docks at the port of Kusadasi, passengers will have the opportunity to explore the splendid beauty and rich history of this Turkish coastal city. From its stunning coastline to renowned sites such as the ancient city of Ephesus, Kusadasi offers a host of attractions for travelers to discover. The Disney Dream's visit to the port of Kusadasi will undoubtedly be a highlight of this carefully planned cruise, which brings together the meticulous magic of Disney with the charm of the Mediterranean in a truly professional and memorable way.

We offer a wide range of tour options to ensure an unforgettable experience for Disney Cruise Passengers. Immerse yourself in the captivating ancient city of Ephesus, known as one of the best preserved Roman cities in the world. Accompanied by a licensed local tour guide, you will embark on a quest that will take you to St. John's Basilica, the resting place of the Apostle John. This extraordinary journey also includes a visit to the famous "House of Virgin Mary".

Ephesus, with its marble-paved Curetes Street, the impressive Library of Celsus and the magnificent Grand Theatre, will transport you back to Greco-Roman times.

Our professional team guarantees a smooth and enriching experience, making your visit to Kusadasi Port truly unforgettable. For those looking for additional information about our private tours to Ephesus from Kusadasi port, we invite you to visit the following link: Ephesus Tour from Kusadasi Port

Here you will find a complete guide showing the highlights and unique experiences our tours offer. From the ancient ruins of Ephesus to the vibrant local markets, our professional team has crafted unforgettable itineraries tailored to your interests and preferences. Additionally, in our continued pursuit of excellence, we prioritize excellent customer service. Therefore, please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any questions or special requests. Our dedicated Ephesus Guides are ready to assist you to ensure your visit to Ephesus is an extraordinary experience.

We also offer kid friendly Ephesus tour for families travelling with children. We understand the importance of creating memorable experiences for the entire family, which is why we proudly offer kid-friendly tours of Ephesus. Our aim is to ensure that families traveling with children can explore this captivating ancient city without any worries or hassle. Our professionally curated Ephesus Family Tour cater specifically to the needs and interests of young explorers, providing a well-balanced blend of education, fun, and adventure. From interactive storytelling that brings history to life, to engaging activities designed to spark curiosity, our expert guides are committed to keeping children entertained and engaged throughout the tour. We take pride in creating an environment where families can bond over shared discoveries and create lasting memories. If you're looking for an unforgettable experience in Ephesus for your family, we invite you to visit the following link: Ephesus Family Tour

Pergamon also known as Pergamum was an ancient city founded by colonists on the Aegean coast of Anatolia at the site of the present day city of Bergama. ​

According to historical records, the origins of this city date back to B.C. It dates back to the 8th century. However, it is noteworthy that, unlike many cities in Western Anatolia, the first inhabitants of this city were not of Greek origin. Instead, there is a belief among some scholars that the first settlers were actually descendants of Trojans who took refuge after the disastrous Trojan War.

Pergamon was on a tributary of the Bakircay (Caicus River), enclosed by high mountains. Fertile, self-contained and easily defended, it provided the perfect setting for the maintenance of a city state. In the era following the death of Alexander the Great (323 BC), Lysimachus, one of Alexander’s generals, chose Pergamon as the treasury for his vast wealth, placing here 9,000 talents of gold under the guardianship of his lieutenant, Philetaerus. Upon Lysimachus’s death, Philetaerus used this fortune and founded the independent dynasty of the Attalid Kings. Pergamon later became the capital of a flourishing Hellenistic kingdom and one of the principal centers of Hellenistic civilization. Under Kings Attalus I and Eumenes II, Pergamon reached the height of its independent powers. At the same time, however, it began to look to Rome for alliance against the warring Hellenistic rulers. After signalizing himself as a friend of Rome, Attalus I was awarded the Seleucid dominions, making Pergamon a powerful kingdom, comprising of Mysia, Lydia, Caria, Pamphylia and Phrygia. In addition to extending the kingdom, Attalus I adorned his capital with architectural splendors. Attalos defeated the Galatians in 230BC. Eumenes II also brought the city to the climax of its cultural prominence. During the reigns of these two prominent kings, the city so flourished that it could only be compared to Antioch and Alexandria. King Attalus III bequeathed (133 BC) his domains to the Romans, under whom the city retained its position as the preeminent artistic and intellectual center of Anatolia but declined in political and economic importance. In the first years of Roman rule, a civil war was leaded by Aristonikos who claimed to be a non official son of Eumenes II. This civil war took 3 years and ended with his defeat, The city went through the Arab, Byzantine and finally the Turkish period in the 14th century.

Pergamon attained a high culture in the Hellenistic era, boasting an outstanding library that rivaled in importance that of Alexandria, a famous school of sculpture and excellent public buildings and monuments of which the Zeus Altar is the best example. Pergamum had 3 temples: Altar of Zeus, Temple of Athena and Temple of Trajan. In the Roman period, Pergamon played an important role in the early history of Christianity. It was also numbered among the Seven Churches of Revelation. The first Christian bishop of Pergamon, Antipas, was believed to have been martyred here in 92. (Revelation 2:13). Antipas was ordered to sacrifice an animal in the name of pagan gods. Antipas was sentenced to death on the altar of Zeus. (Anti-pas meaning against everything.)

Acropolis: The function of the acropolis in Pergamon was never the same as the function of the acropolis in Athens. In Athens everything was focused on religion, whereas in Pergamon it was on social and cultural activities, or in other words, daily life. As a result of this contrast, major buildings in Pergamon were reserved for public use in daily life. Even in the temples, religion was of secondary importance. Buildings had large areas for the public where they could meet, walk or join in social affairs. Pergamon was the first city to react against functional urbanism of Hippodamus preferring ornamental urbanism. Pergamenes agreed that functionalism was necessary, but that aesthetics were to be given even more consideration. The buildings of the Acropolis were designed to be seen from below and to impress those viewing the city from the valley. Except for the Trajan Temple all the buildings were built in the Hellenistic period during which constructions were made of andesite and very rarely in marble. Heroon, in general, is a shrine dedicated to a deified hero. The Heroon in the Acropolis of Pergamon was the imperial cult or the shrine in which kings of Pergamon, especially Attalus I and Eumenes II, were worshipped. It was a peristyle building made of andesite from the Hellenistic period. 

The Sanctuary of Athena was entered through a propylon which was built by Eumenes II. As written in its inscription, it was dedicated to victory-bringing Athena by King Eumenes. The entrance opens into a courtyard surrounded by three stoas of the Doric order. This also dates from the same period. At the corner near the theater was the Athena Temple in Doric order which was built earlier, in the 3C BC. It was built of andesite and stood on a crepidoma with two steps. 

The Library of Pergamon, built by Eumenes II, was the second of the three famous ancient libraries. It contained 200,000 volumes. A century later Mark Antony gave them to Cleopatra as a wedding present to be added to the collection of the library in Alexandria. The library building was next to the north stoa of the Athena Sanctuary. This was not a coincedance. Athena was known as the protector of science. Most probably, the second floor of the stoa was at the same level with the first floor of the library. It had a large reading hall with many shelves all around, leaving an empty space between walls and shelves for the circulation of air to prevent humidity. Manuscripts were written on parchment then rolled or folded and put on shelves. When the Egyptians prohibited the export of papyrus, the King of Pergamon ordered that a new material be found. The new discovery was "parchment", a fine material from sheep or goat skin, highly polished with pumice stone and slit into sheets. Therefore the name of Pergamon has been perpetuated and seen as synonymous with the word "parchment". They used scrolls which was rolled to a feet long stick. Reader was holding the two ends while reading he was rolling the stick. Codex, todays book shape was also founded in Pergamon. 

The Temple of Trajan was an Imperial temple decorated with Corinthian columns, dating from the 2nd century AD. Dedicated to Trajan, built by his successor Hadrian. Both emperors were worshipped there. The temple was built of marble, probably on the site of a previous Hellenistic building. Before the construction, the area was leveled off by using a successful arched and vaulted substructure. The temple is flanked by stoas on three sides, the one at the back being higher than the others. It was in Corinthian order to have a peripteros plan, with 9 by 6 columns. 

It is said that the Theater in the acropolis of Pergamon is the steepest raked Hellenistic theater in the world. The cavea of the theater which consists of 80 rows of seats is divided into three sections by two diazomas. The capacity was 10,000 people. The construction material is andesite. Because it was originally a Hellenistic theater, there was not a permanent stage building and people sitting on the cavea could see outside and beyond the playing area. In the Hellenistic period, performances were held in a festive atmosphere and took a long time. People spent a lot of time in the theater, usually the minimum of a full day. Therefore, they never wanted to block their view of outside and the stage building, being made of wood, was portable. Square holes at the back of the orchestra were for the portable stage building. The theater was also used during the Roman period with some alterations. 

The finest altar ever built can be accepted as the Zeus Altar at Pergamon, of about 180 BC, which stands in its own precinct but, most unusually, without a temple. The altar, a marble offering-table, stood on an enormous stone platform, which also supported the double colonnade of Ionic columns enclosing it on three sides. On the fourth side it was approached by a fine stairway, nearly 65 ft wide. Much of the structure and almost all of the friezes are now in Berlin. Decorated with vigorous friezes of life-size figures depicting a battle between gods and giants, its contemporary context is probably King Eumenes II’s celebration of his recent victories over the Galatians. If this is so, then the context incorporates within its apparently straightforward mythology the King’s assertion of his own triumphant role as the defender of traditions against barbarianism. At the top of the Great Altar of Zeus, there was a hallow bronze bull, designed for human sacrifice. The victims tied inside the bull, the head of the person was placed at the head part of the bull. Then a huge fire was lighted under the bull. As the fire heated the bronze, the person inside the bull began to roast and start shouting and crying, through the pipes of the bull which seemed to make the bull alive. Most probably Antipas also died like this. (Holokaust: Wholly burnt animal sacrifice.) In early 19 hundreds German engineer Carl Human by the approval of Ottoman Sultan dismantle the altar and took it to Berlin. In 1930s, the Pergamon Museum opened in Berlin which human sacrifies techniques most probably inspired  most bruthal dictator Hitler. Some of the Nazi Buildings at that time were inspired by the Altar of Zeus.  Zeppelin Field in Nuremberg was one of Albert Speer's first works for the Nazi party and was based on the Pergamon Altar. Albert Speer was the chief architect of the Nazi Party and an ally of Adolf Hitler.

An ingenious aqueduct system stretching for 30 miles was implemented to provide water to the Ancient City of Pergamum. These aqueducts carried water through a network of 240,000 clay pipes, providing a reliable water source for the Acropolis. Circular structures, reminiscent of the wells on the Acropolis, were strategically placed so that water levels could be meticulously monitored. These unique structures served as effective tools for measuring water levels, allowing city officials to closely monitor this vital resource.

The Red Court: This building was a 2nd Century AD temple dedicated to Egyptian gods and goddesses especially Serapis (known as Osiris in Egypt) from the time of the Emperor Hadrian. In the Byzantine period it was converted into a basilica. Because of the red bricks used in the construction and its court-like area, it was named the Red Court. The two pools as cold and hot was related to religious rituals. In the cults of Isis and Serapis, water is associated with the Sacred Nile river, meaning abundance. The building was constructed on Selinius river. Serapis has similarities with underworld god Hades (Plouton in Roman Mythology).

Asclepieum was a sanctuary and a healing center built in the name of the god of healing, Asclepius. It was similar to the one in Epidauros in Greece. Although this place was set up in the 4th Century BC, it had its peak in the Roman period.

Asclepius, son of Apollo, the god of healing, was a famous physician. His mother, Coronis, a princess of Thessaly, died when he was an infant. Apollo entrusted the child’s education to Chiron, a centaur, who taught Asclepius the healing arts. Asclepius, when grown, became so skilled in surgery and the use of medicinal plants that he could even restore the dead back to life. Hades, ruler of the dead, became alarmed at this and complained to Zeus, who killed Asclepius with a thunderbolt. Hygiea was the daugther of Asklepion. Hygine word is derived from her name. 

The healing center, Asclepieum, had been something very similar to a modern natural healing clinic. Patients were given exercises, drugs, mud baths, herbal remedies, or could take the honey cure, drink the waters of the spring or be treated by suggestion. They could walk among the trees and be calmed by the scent of pine. Over the gate had been inscribed the words: "In the name of the Gods, Death is forbidden to enter". Terminal patients were not allowed for this ancient healing center. Reputation was so important that they did not want anyone hear that somebody died here. Snakes were sacred to Asclepius because of their power to renew themselves. That is why there was a relief of snakes at the entrance to the sacred area of the medical center symbolizing health. 

Among the famous physicians of the Asclepieum was Galen. Galen was the most outstanding physician of antiquity after Hippocrates. His anatomical studies on animals and observations of how the human body functions dominated medical theory and practice for 1400 years. Galen was born in Pergamon. A shrine to the healing god Asclepius was located in Pergamon and there young Galen observed how the medical techniques of the time were used to treat the ill or wounded. He received his formal medical training in nearby Smyrna and then traveled widely, gaining more medical knowledge. Galen dissected many animals, particularly goats, pigs and monkeys, to demonstrate how different muscles are controlled at different levels of the spinal cord. He also showed that the brain controls the voice. Galen showed that arteries carry blood, disproving the 400 years old belief that arteries carry air. Galen was also highly praised in his time as a philosopher. He closely followed the view of the philosopher Aristotle that nothing in nature is superfluous. Galen’s principal contribution to philosophic thought was the concept that God’s purposes can be understood by examining nature. Galen’s observations in anatomy remained his most enduring contribution. His medical writings were translated by 9th century Arab scholars. Galen used herbal remedies. Today in pharmacy the 'galenical' is derived from his name. Galenical stands for a medicine prepared by extracting one or more active components of a plant.

The Colonnaded Road connected Asclepieum to the city. Originally it was 2,700 ft. Today only a small part of this road is visible. The Propylon was located at the end of the colonnaded road and dates from 2nd Century AD. It had 12 steps and opened into a large courtyard which was surrounded by stoas on three sides. It had beautiful acroteriums one of which can be seen in the Bergama museum. Stoas originally had Ionic capitals but after an earthquake in the 2nd Century AD, some Corinthian capitals were also used. The Library was for both educational and entertainment purposes with many medical books for the physicians and other books for use by the patients. The Theater is a small building in Roman style with a capacity of 3,500 people. It was mainly used for performances to entertain the patients when not receiving treatment. Some claim that the patients were acting as the actors. The first psychological group therapy in the world is practiced in this theater.

The Sacred Fountain provided water believed to have had healing power. Sleeping (incubation) rooms were used to make the patients sleep and analyze their dreams. The Tunnel is a vaulted subterranean passageway. It is 262 ft long. Under the floor ran water which provided relaxing sounds. On the ceiling there are 12 windows to provide sunlight inside the tunnel. The purpose of the tunnel is to make a treatment with the sound of water and provide a cool place for the patients in the hot summer months. Before patients enter to this tunnel, they drank a sedative and slept here in the dormitories while non poisonous snakes crawl among them all night. They were told that the serpent god, Asclepius will talk to them in their dreams and give them a diagnosis. It was believed that the snakes carried the healing power of Asclepius. If a snake wanders on you while you are sleeping, that was a divine sign that the healing power was coming to you. Once patients woke up, they told their dreams to the priests who prescribed their treatments. Finally, the patients made sculptures of the body parts that needed healing and offered them to Asclepius.

The Round Treatment Center was a two-storied building with six apsidal sections. Today only the lower floor remains. The walls and the floor were covered with marble and the roof was made of wood. Water coming through the tunnel, recesses for washing and the sun-terrace show that this room was also used for the treatment of patients. 

The Temple of Asclepius was erected by the Consul of the time in the 2nd Century AD. A famed ancient medical center built in honor of Asklepios, the god of healing. It was also the world's first psychiatric hospital. The main part of the temple was cylindrical and covered by a dome. The floor and the walls were decorated with marble mosaics. There were many statues of gods and deities related to health including those of Asclepius himself. Hygenia and Telesphoros are also depicted here. Hygenia symbolzing health and Telesphoros curement. Telephoros was child god first discovered in Pergamon, later on worshipped in some ancient sites too. This building can be accepted as one of the earliest structures with a dome in Anatolia.

​The Asklepion gained in prominence under the Romans in the 2nd century AD, but a sacred site existed here as early as the 4th century BC. Many of the treatments employed at Pergamon, in complement with a sacred source of water that was later discovered as having radioactive properties, have been used for centuries and are once again finding modern application.Quite unlike modern hospitals, everybody who was anybody was dying to get in to the Asklepion: patients included Hadrian, Marcus Aurelius, and Caracalla. But then again, the Asklepion was more like a modern spa than a hospital: therapy included mud baths, music concerts, and doses of water from the sacred fountain. Galen, the influential physician and philosopher who was born in Pergamon in 129 AD, trained and then later became an attendant to the gladiators here. Access to the Asklepeion is via the Sacred Way, which at 807m (2,690 ft.) long and colonnaded, originally connected the Asklepeion with the Acropolis. The sacred way becomes the stately Via Tecta near the entrance to the site and leads to a courtyard and fallen Propylaeum, or Monumental Gate. Reachable through an underground tunnel is what is traditionally called the Temple of Telesphorus, which served as both the treatment rooms and the sleeping chambers, an indication that sleep was integral in the actual healing process. At various spots in the center of the complex are a total of three pools and fountains, used for bathing, drinking, and various other forms of treatment. The northern colonnade, with 17 columns still in place, leads from the library to the restored theater, set into the slope of the hill. The theater hosts classical plays during the annual Bergama Festival. The semicircular Roman Theatre flanks the colonnaded promenade on the northwest corner of the site. Hours of therapy also probed the meaning of the previous night's dreams, as patients believed dreams recounted a visit by the god Asklepios, who held the key to curing illness. The treatments included psychotherapy, massage, herbal remedies, mud and bathing treatments, the interpretation of dreams, and the drinking of water. 

There was also an amphitheater close by. Amphi means double, meaning double theater. It is among the two amphitheaers of Asia Minor. Amphitheaters were especially constructed for Gladitioral Games. Some days are Arena was filled with water for naval battle plays. Water is supplied from the pond close by.

We are happy to offer you an unforgettable travel experience with our Private Pegamon Tours starting from Izmir, Kusadası, Selcuk and Sirince. We also visit Bergama during our 7 Churches Tour  Turkey. As experts in our field, we ensure that every aspect of your journey is meticulously planned and executed with the highest level of professionalism. Immerse yourself in the ancient wonders of Pegamon, discover its rich history and marvel at its architectural marvels. Our personalized tours cater to your unique preferences, allowing you to explore more deeply the intriguing stories of this ancient city. Please feel free to contact us to learn more and embark on a truly extraordinary adventure. We are here to help you design a custom itinerary that suits your specific interests and needs.

Suggested Pergamon Tour Itinerary:
After meeting with your knowledgeable tour guide, embark on a scenic journey to Bergama, also known as Bergama. The highlight of your visit is undoubtedly the awe-inspiring Acropolis, perched atop a hill. From this viewpoint you will be treated to a fascinating panorama of the surrounding landscape. As you explore the ruins of the Acropolis, be sure to marvel at the once-great library famous for housing a staggering 200,000 volumes. Interestingly, these valuable books and scrolls were gifted to Cleopatra by Marcus Antonius as a wedding gift. Another interesting stop on your itinerary is the Altar of Zeus, intriguingly mentioned in the Book of Revelation as "Throne of Satan". Next, head towards Trajan's Temple, a monumental structure that has been partially restored, offering a glimpse of its former glory. But the wonders of Bergama do not end there; The famous Temple of Asklepios is waiting for you. This sacred site once housed a revitalizing fountain that provided solace to those seeking healing. According to legend, Asclepius granted them visions that revealed the path to healing. Finally, your journey ends when you return to your hotel after a delicious lunch at a local restaurant, touring the picturesque countryside along the way.

Hotel Recommendation:
For travellers who are travelling Turkey with a rent a car. We recommend you to overnight at Akropolis Hotel. Akropolis Hotel is located in downtown Pergamon 100 meter distance to Red Basilica and Acropolis cable car station. Akropolis Hotel has a great location with very friendly and hospitable staff. Akropolis Hotel is for travellers who are looking for a clean accomodation with great location. This is a small boutique hotel but not a luxury one.
To book Akropolis Hotel, please click here for the booking.com booking page.

Crystal Symphony of Crystal Cruises continues its determination to visit both Kusadası Port and Izmir Cruise Port again in 2024, as in previous years. Crystal Symphony's first voyage to Izmir Cruise Port is planned for January 29, 2024.

As leading providers of personalized Ephesus Tours, we are excited to offer our exclusive services to Crystal Symphony Passengers. With our professional expertise and attention to detail, we provide an unforgettable experience, allowing passengers to discover the wonders of Ephesus in a private and personal way. From knowledgeable guides to comfortable transportation, our personalized tours aim to deliver an extraordinary and seamless journey, leaving travelers with precious memories of their time in the fascinating region.

Crystal Cruises offer also Ephesus Excursions for their passengers. We offer a better service with a better rate. Our private Ephesus tours offer cruise passengers incomparable personal care, handy services, time flexibility, and sense of control compared to Cruise Line tours. Private and custom tours offered by the cruise lines are extremely expensive.

There are many advantages to book a private Ephesus tour. They allow visitors to do exactly what they want, go to the sites that they find interesting, and eat exactly the type of food they wish to eat. Tourists on a private Ephesus tour never have to wait for slower group members, or hurry up to keep up with the group. People traveling on a private Ephesus tour can speed through a site they find boring, or linger longer at ones they find interesting. It makes the entire tour experience more unforgettable.

For a family with children, a private Ephesus tour is the best way to visit Ephesus. Children do not always have the same attention as adults, and with a private Ephesus tour the tour can be altered to fit them. For groups having children, we add a stop at a tile workshop where kids enjoy seeing how pottery is made.

For more information please do not hesitate to contact us.

Biblical sites, including  Mary's last-known dwelling place, the ancient city of Ephesus, the Basilica of St. John and a relaxing  lunch are featured in this fascinating, full-day private tour.

After meeting with our staff at Izmir Airport. As your vehicle  makes its way along the Aegean Coast, you will pass some fertile lands of the region. As you reach the silted valley, time seems to come to a halt and then reverse. After a steep drive up Mt. Pagus, you will arrive at a stone chapel.  This converted house probably dates from the 1st century and was envisioned by a  German nun as the site where the Virgin Mary spent her last years. Continuing to Ephesus, leave your coach at the parking area and proceed on foot through  Magnesia Gate. As you stroll along the old marble streets, you will pass the  Odeon and State Agora. You will also see the ornate Hadrian Temple, (Optinal Visit Terrace houses), the beautifully restored facade of the Celsus Library, the Roman Baths  of Scholastica, the Commercial Agora and the theater, which accommodates 25,000  spectators and is still used for occasional performances. After your visit to Ephesus, re-board your vehicle for an enjoyable lunch.  Afterwards enjoy a presentation about Turkish weaving, see the girls at the looms  knotting carpets and kilims. Learn about the natural dyes and learn the  differences between Silk , flosh, wool and cotton weaving for handmade rugs.  The proprietors will give a fascinating demonstration of the local traditional crafts. Next is the Basilica of St. John, when St. John was burried, is your final stop before your return to Izmir Airport.

Cost of Private Ephesus Tour starting and ending at Izmir Airport: 215 Euro (Total to be paid 1-6 people)
​* Above rate is NOT a per person rate. It is total to be paid for your group.
* We offer %20 discount for Private Ephesus Tour bookings with English speaking tour guides, on certain dates. To see these  dates please click.
Rates Cover:

• Services of an excellent English speaking tour Guide 
• A/C Mercedes V-Class
• All transportation costs.
• Tax, service charges.
• Pick up and drop off from/to Izmir Airport.
• Traditional Turkish Lunch 
• Parking fees to the sites.

Rates Do Not Cover:

• Entrance fees to the sites.
• Drinks during lunch​

* Except Terrace Houses, there is no admission fee for children under 8 years old. For the proof of age, please bring passport copies with you.

​* There is no prepayment required for the reservation. To avoid disappointment, we recommend making your private tour reservation at earliest possible.

Payment Terms:
Payment can be made in Euros, Turkish Liras, British Pounds and US Dollars cash at the end of the tour. There is no prepayment required for the booking.

Cancellation Policy
You can cancel a tour 72 hours in advance of your tour departure without any charges. If you would like to cancel a tour, simply send us an email and we will  be happy to assist you. Once you are within the 24 hour tour departure window,  the tour becomes non-refundable. This is because our guide and vehicle have set  aside space to accommodate your request and will often not be able to  fill that  space with another customer so close to departure.

* For private tour booking,
Kindly advise us the following:

1. Full names of the members of your group and nationality.
2. Number of people in your group.
3. Date of Arrival 
4. Your arrival and departure flight details.

For more information about Private Ephesus Tours from Izmir Airport and booking, please contact us.